ABSTRACT
Enzymatic digestion of proteins in ticks is a complex process and the study of functional proteomics of these enzymes can help to select them as possible vaccine candidates. Blood protein changes [e.g. haemoglobin to vitellin] occur in female mature ticks. Vitellin digestion, as an amino acid and energy source, is one of the vital and important processes in development and evolution of tick eggs and larval stage of unengorged ticks. Several studies reveal a network of proteolytic enzymes involved in haemoglobin and vitellin digestion. These enzymes are mostly cysteine and aspartic peptidases. The aim of this study was the detection of the cathepsins in Rhipicephalus [Boophilus] annulatus larvae extract. In the current research, cysteine proteases extracted from Rhipicephalus [Boophilus] annulatus larvae were studied by one- and two-dimensional zymography. Findings from one dimensional zymography showed a transparent band with 28 KDa. In two-dimensional zymography transparent area are seen in the dark gel background distributed in 21 to 65 KDa zones related to cathepsins. When DTTwas added to incubation buffer [10 mM acetate buffer, pH= 4], the proteolytic activity of some enzymes was increased and appeared as more clear transparent bands in one-dimentional zymography compared with samples incubated in buffer without DTT. As the pH of incubation buffer was acidic and adding DTT resulted in increased activity of the enzymes, therefore, some of these proteolytic enzymes are assumed to be cysteine proteases
Subject(s)
Insecta , Female , Ticks/enzymology , Cysteine Proteases , Vitellins , Rhipicephalus , Larva , Proteomics , Peptide HydrolasesABSTRACT
Febrile convulsion is the most common neurological disease of childhood. Regarding the current hypotheses about possible effect of iron deficiency on prevention of febrile convulsion and its relationship to neuronal stimulation threshold, we conducted this study to evaluate the relationship between iron deficiency anemia and simple febrile convulsion. In this case-control study, 382 children who met our inclusion criteria and had been admitted in Arak Amirkabir Hospital were assigned to two groups: case [with febrile convulsion] and control [other febrile diseases]. After the fever subsided, a 5 cc sample of blood was taken from every patient for complete blood count and iron reserve profile. The results were analyzed by using descriptive statistics and independent t-test. Iron deficiency anemia was significantly less frequent in our case group compared to the control group [22.5% vs. 34.0%] [p<0.001]. CBC indices such as Hb, HCT, MCV, MCH and MCHC were significantly [p<0.001] higher in the case group in comparison to the control group. Iron deficiency can prevent the febrile convulsion probably by increasing neuronal excitation threshold
ABSTRACT
The vast clinical testing process often is performed to diagnose the origin of the fever. The aim of this study was to investigate the rate of abnormal paraclinical findings of the neonates with fever. This cross-sectional study was carried out on 109, randomly seleceted febrile neonates admittedta to Amir-Kahir Hospital 2010. Blood, Cerebro Spinal Fluid [CSF] and Urine samples were sent to laboratory and the results were analyzed by Chi-Square test, using SPSS software. Blood culture of 19 cases [17.43%] is positive. None of the CSF samples are gram positive and also show the sign of Meningitis. With regard to the high rate of positive blood culture, it seems that the use of blood culture in febrile neonates is important for diagnosis
ABSTRACT
Urinary Tract Infection [UTI] is one of the most common diseases of childhood which may cause serious morbidity. We evaluated recurrence rate of UTI in children without congenital abnormalities who were at the age of 1 month to 12 years old. This cross-sectional study was carried out for three months after the termination of the treatment in order to determine the rate of recurrence and re-infection in children [sex segregationation] at the age of 1 month to 6 years and 6 to 12 years who did not have any anatomical or functional urinary abnormalities at Arak Amir kabir Hospital. In total, 250 patients [224 girls and 26 boys] were evaluated. 17 girls had recurrences, of whom, 2 cases [11.7%] were under 1 year old, 14 cases [82.2%] had 1 to 6 years old and 1 case [5.8%] was in the 6 to 12 years old group. In the first month there was no relapse and most recurrences occurred through the third month [65%]. All recurrences were symptomatic. Due to low rate of recurrence of urinary infection in our study group, repeated cultures and prophylactic treatments is not recommended in children and infants without underlying congenital renal abnormalities. In such cases, UTI can be prevented by effective trainings
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Heart failure is a chronic and weakening disease. The physical restrictions and advanced symptoms which are derived from this disease cause the decrease quality of life. Since the promotion of quality of life plays a noteworthy role, assessment of quality of life in patients with heart failure, helps nurses to have more doctrinaire surveillances in health - care systems
Methods: This is a descriptive-analytic study that has been done on 200 hospitalized patients with heart failure in cardiac and C.C.U wards of Shafa and Afzalipour hospitals [located in Kerman] to study the quality of life in patients with heart failure. General and special standard tools of SF36 was used to assess the quality of life in patients with heart failure. Questionnaires were filled by researcher with interviewing patients. For data analysis Mann-whitney, Kruskal-wallis tests and regression by spss 13 were used
Results: The results indicated that women have formed 57.5 percents of affected patients. The average age of patients was 65.43 +/- 12.o2. In aspects of quality of life by means of SF36 tool the maximum and minimum point related to mental health and physical problems respectively. The patients who were younger than 60 years old and married had better quality of life. Women had the weaker quality of life in various aspects than men [P<0.05], and illiterate patients also had the lower quality of life. Studying the relation between attendant diseases and quality of life in patients showed that the patients with history of myocardial infarction, unstable angina, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and respiratory diseases and also the patients who had CABG operation had the weaker quality of life. There was not any significant relationship between quality of life and history of cigarette smoking, opium addiction, renal diseased and stroke [P>0.05]
Conclusion: On the whole, the results of this study showed that the patients with heart failure haven't desired quality of life, thus, nurses who works for health service wards should try to obtain all essential basis for appropriate care and necessary possibilities for continuous supervisions, follow up, in order to prepare the conditions for patients to enjoy superior quality of life
ABSTRACT
This study was designed to induce nutritional hypophosphatemia to investigate the possibility of intervascular hemolysis in the control [7 lambs] and test [8 lambs] groups. Phosphorus of the ration jugular vein blood samples were weekly taken for inorganic phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, billirubin, hematocrit and Heinz body examination. The independent t-test and repeated measures [analysis of variance] methods applied for the statistical analyses. Significant hypophosphatemia [p<0.01] and increase in the alkaline phosphatase activity [p<0.001] observed in the test lambs. Hienz bodies in the red blood cells and highly significant decrease of the hematocrit [p<0/0005] appeared in both groups. Although, visible hemoglobinuria was not observed .The results cleares up potential sensitivity of sheep to nutritional hemolysis